Work / GPS-Denied Waypoint Recovery

GPS-Denied Waypoint Recovery System

EKF3 dual-lane failover with real-time electronic warfare event detection on a tactical UAS platform.

ArduPilot / SITL Drone / ISR Navigation & EW
Stack
Python · pymavlink · MAVLink · ArduPilot SITL
Domain
Drone / ISR · Electronic Warfare
Status
Complete · Apr 2026
⬡ Mission Plan — Pre-Denial Waypoints

Mission Planner — programmed waypoint path prior to GPS denial injection. Yellow lines show the planned autonomous route with green waypoint markers.

⚠ EW Event Detected — Denial Zone
GPS denial zone rendered in Google Earth Pro

KML intelligence product rendered in Google Earth Pro — GPS track (green), denied track (red), denial onset marker, and estimated jamming zone polygon.

98%
Reduction in EKF Position Divergence Through Tuning
4.5cm
Altitude Precision During GPS Denial
0
EKF Position Spikes in Final Tuned Run
5
Flight Runs Across Iterative Tuning Cycle
Challenge

GPS jamming renders standard UAS navigation unreliable mid-mission. Detecting the denial event in real time, maintaining controlled flight on backup sensors, and producing an actionable geospatial record of the denial zone requires a multi-layer architecture that most platforms do not implement out of the box.

Solution

Built on ArduPilot SITL, the system gives both the vehicle and the operator situational awareness during a GPS jamming event. When GPS is jammed, EKF3 automatically switches to optical flow, keeping the vehicle airborne rather than failing outright. The EW Event Logger detects the lane switch in real time, applies a 3-second filter to suppress false alarms, and captures the exact position, heading, and timestamp of the event. On landing it produces a KML file showing where GPS was lost, the estimated jamming zone, and a colour-coded flight track. Integrating the rangefinder as the GPS-denied altitude source eliminated altitude collapse and held the vehicle at 20m AGL with 4.5cm precision throughout the denial window.

EKF3 Lane Architecture
GPS-Denied system architecture: SITL components, UDP connections, and EKF3 lane switch diagram
Lane 0 — GPS Lane 1 — GPS-Denied
Position GPS None (dead reckoning)
Velocity GPS Optical Flow
Altitude Barometer Barometer + Rangefinder
Active when GPS healthy GPS jammed

Lane 1 carries no absolute position source — optical flow provides velocity only, so the EKF dead reckons from the last known GPS fix and drift accumulates over time. On-course flight post-denial lasted approximately 28 seconds. Integrating a visual-inertial odometry source such as the Intel RealSense T265 is the natural next step.

Deliverables
EW Event Logger

Real-time denial detection via MAVLink EKF3 lane flag transitions, 3-second debounce window, geolocation capture, and KML output.

GPS Denial Script

MAVLink-based GPS jamming injection triggered mid-mission to simulate contested-environment conditions.

KML Intelligence Product

Georeferenced denial record with track segmentation and denial zone polygon, validated in Google Earth Pro.

Why It Matters

In a contested environment, GPS is a vulnerability. When it's jammed, most platforms drift, crash, or abort the mission. This system detects the denial event in real time, keeps the aircraft flying on backup sensors, and hands the operator a georeferenced record of where the jamming originated. That turns an attack on navigation into actionable targeting intelligence.